There Teach disembarked the crew of the captured Spanish sloop, before proceeding north to the port of Charles Town, South Carolina, attacking three vessels along the way. Omissions? He has been widely identified as Edward Teach (or several variations thereof, including Thatch and Thack), though pirate custom at the time was to use a pseudonym when engaging in acts of piracy, and his true name will probably never be known. Known for his rough personality, Teague was a feared and revered pirate who, as the esteemed Keeper of the Pirate's Code, respected the Code enough to kill people who show any disrespect of it, even if it was a brief mention of hanging the Code. They returned two days later and reported on what eventually transpired. Some tales suggest that pirates often killed a prisoner on the spot where they buried their loot, and Teach is no exception in these stories,[121] but that no finds have come to light is not exceptional; buried pirate treasure is often considered a modern myth for which almost no supporting evidence exists. Whether Johnson's description was entirely truthful or embellished is unclear, but it seems likely that Teach understood the value of appearances; better to strike fear into the heart of one's enemies, than rely on bluster alone. [68] Howard was found guilty and sentenced to be hanged, but was saved by a commission from London, which directed Spotswood to pardon all acts of piracy committed by surrendering pirates before 18 August 1718. [52] Bonnet left immediately on a small sailing boat[nb 5] for Bath Town, where he surrendered to Governor Eden, and received his pardon. [It's probably more likely that] a pirate, just like a normal person, would probably rather not have killed someone, but pirates knew that if that person resisted them and they didn't do something about it, their reputation and thus their brand name would be impaired. Tryon, in North Carolina and the Capt Flower Swift of the Montgomery Cty Va Militia 1793 (now Grayson Cty Va). He also sued on Howard's behalf for damages of 500, claiming wrongful arrest. [nb 7] During July and August he travelled between his base in the town and his sloop off Ocracoke. She was stopped and her captain, Harriot, invited to join the pirates. Title(s) [15] Teague would soon continue enforcing the Code's laws by himself. Hundreds of artifacts were recovered from the site in the following decades, including navigational devices, cannons, and a sword hilt. [108] After Woodes Rogers' 1718 landing at New Providence and his ending of the pirate republic, piracy in the West Indies fell into terminal decline. The next day, Brand sent two canoes down Pamlico River to Ocracoke Inlet, to see if Teach could be seen. [103] Lee (1974) concludes that although Spotswood may have thought that the ends justified the means, he had no legal authority to invade North Carolina, to capture the pirates and to seize and auction their goods. Upon seeing the other ships of the EITC Armada retreating, Teague's crew celebrated with the other pirates. Teach and his quartermaster, William Howard, may at this time have struggled to control their crews. He is the . In Answer to which, Mr. Maynard told him, That he expected no Quarters from him, nor should he give him any. His flag was black with a man and a skeleton holding an hourglass and the skeleton brandishing a spear in the other hand, with a bleeding heart between the two of them. Edward Jordan (1771-1809) foi um rebelde irlands, pescador e pirata na Nova Esccia .Ele era o tpico pirata violento, mas de vida curta, do sculo 19, aps o fim da " Idade de Ouro da Pirataria " no sculo 18.Nascido no condado de Carlow , Irlanda, ele participou das rebelies irlandesas de 1797-1798, mas foi perdoado e tentou comear uma nova vida como pescador na Nova Esccia. Their numbers were boosted by the addition to their fleet of two more ships, one of which was commanded by Stede Bonnet; but Hornigold retired from piracy toward the end of 1717, taking two vessels with him. Having pointed Jack to the group who were recruiting a crew, Teague then gave Jack a word of advice, warning him that the Fountain would "test" him. [78] He had ascertained their position from ships he had stopped along his journey, but being unfamiliar with the local channels and shoals he decided to wait until the following morning to make his attack. He was famous for putting lit fuses into his hair and beard, which gave off smoke and made him look like a demon in battle. [4], As Keeper of the Pirate Code, a title the usually unserious pirate took very seriously, Teague knew more than anyone about the ins and outs of the sea. Bostock's deposition describes Teach as a "tall spare man with a very black beard which he wore very long". In the midst of a battle, Norrington's son James was knocked into the sea and rescued by Teague. Jack managed to find the secret passage and they both returned to Akshay's palace where they attacked and overpowered three guards and stole their weapons.[14]. Teague on the Troubadour after the battle. However, the Pirata Codex book was stolen by the Indian Akshay, and Teague had to follow him and retake the book before Askhay could sell it to the East India Trading Company. As a result Nautilus Productions, the company documenting the recovery since 1998, filed suit in federal court over copyright violations and the passage of "Blackbeard's Law" by the North Carolina legislature, the General Assembly. For Teach, at least, this policy paid off. Dead Men Tell No Tales [14], Some time later, Teague's son Jack Sparrow was also thrown into the pit, because he tried to steal the precious tears of the Indian goddess Kali from Askhay. One early source claims that his surname was Drummond, but the lack of any supporting documentation makes this unlikely. Henry Every retired a rich man, and Bartholomew Roberts took an estimated five times the amount Teach stole. During the dinner, they were attacked by pirates led by Gentleman Jocard, who thought that they were hosting King Samuel, Jocard's former owner who sold him into slavery. Some of Teach's former crew had already moved into several Virginian seaport towns, prompting Spotswood to issue a proclamation on 10 July, requiring all former pirates to make themselves known to the authorities, to give up their arms and to not travel in groups larger than three. At World's End (video game) About 20on Jane were either wounded or killed and 9on Ranger. (Spilers): Did anyone notice this easter egg during the flashback scene? Badly wounded, Teach was then attacked and killed by several more of Maynard's crew. "[55] Lee considers it plausible that Teach let Bonnet in on his plan to accept a pardon from Governor Eden. Edward Teague was an infamous pirate captain in the Caribbeanand father of Jack Sparrow. Aides: Davy Jones, Second Court As a famous historical figure, Blackbeard has appeared in different incarnations in several Disney-related products. He also wrote to the Lords of Trade, suggesting that the Crown might benefit financially from Teach's capture. Walt Disney Pictures The son of Captain Edward Teague and his unnamed pirate wife, Jack grew up in the life, bouncing between calling the infamous Shipwreck Cove home and being a cabin boy. Amanda Teague World Pirates of the Caribbean On July 23, 2016, Amanda Teague, 45, married her Haitian husband, Jack Teague, on a small boat in the Atlantic Ocean. On his hands were three rings, one of which he owns is in the form of a metal skull. Teague also affectionately called his son "Jackie" quite often. Teague uses his skills to work his way up the ranks and eventually become pirate captain. Pirates habitually used fictitious surnames while engaged in piracy so as not to tarnish the family name, which makes it unlikely that Teach's real name will ever be known. After a lengthy engagement, he forced the large and well-armed merchant ship to surrender. Although in theory this left Bonnet and Teach at risk of being hanged for their actions at Charles Town Bar, most authorities could waive such conditions. Captain Edward Teague is a character from the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. [127] A North Carolinian tale holds that Teach's skull was used as the basis for a silver drinking chalice; a local judge even claimed to have drunk from it one night in the 1930s. Circa 1715, Captain Edward Teach (1680 - 1718), better known as Blackbeard. [24][25], On 5 December 1717 Teach stopped the merchant sloop Margaret off the coast of Crab Island, near Anguilla. [26] He returned to his base of operations on Saint Christopher Island and reported the matter to Governor Walter Hamilton, who requested that he sign an affidavit about the encounter. As the smoke cleared, Teach led his men aboard, buoyant at the sight of Maynard's apparently empty ship, his men firing at the small group of men with Maynard at the stern. Keeper of the Code: Edward TeagueOthers: Prison Dog. Teague entered the meeting while standing in a doorway, gunsling smoke rising from his pistol after having shot Sri Sumbhajee's aide Askay for demeaning the Code's importance, saying: "Code is the law." [76] The two sloops moved slowly, giving Brand's force time to reach Bath. Teague and Jack then drank their drinks before Jack glanced towards the group. "[nb 13] A General Historie, though, is generally considered to be a reliable source. [54][nb 6], The author Robert Lee surmised that Teach and Hands intentionally ran the ships aground to reduce the fleet's crew complement, increasing their share of the spoils. [the court begins to yell] Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Pirate LordsFirst Pirate Lord of the Atlantic Ocean The privateer-turned-pirate Henry Jennings and his followers decided, early in the 18th century, to use the uninhabited island of New Providence as a base for their operations; it was within easy reach of the Florida Strait and its busy shipping lanes, which were filled with European vessels crossing the Atlantic. During the trial of Bonnet's crew, Revenge's boatswain Ignatius Pell testified that "the ship was run ashore and lost, which Thatch [Teach] caused to be done. It was prudent therefore for Teach not to linger for too long, although wrecking the ship was a somewhat extreme measure. [18] His further fate is unknown. Pirate KingsFirst Pirate King Maynard and the detachment from HMS Pearl took the larger of the two vessels and named her Jane; the rest took Ranger, commanded by one of Maynard's officers, a Mister Hyde. He would often use his vast knowledge to point his son Jack in the right direction, like the time when he searched for the legendary Fountain of Youth. [43] Teach probably sailed toward Havana, where he may have captured a small Spanish vessel that had left the Cuban port. Submitted by CKPP Correspondent. Jones knew everything that happened in his watery kingdoms, and the Brethren Court spoke a magic call that brought Jones onboard the Troubadour, Teague's ship. [23] In late November, near Saint Vincent, he attacked the Great Allen. Pirate Girl: A pirate in her prime, but still has the largest fleet in the world. [48], Teach kept to his side of the bargain and released the captured ships and his prisonersalbeit relieved of their valuables, including the fine clothing some had worn. Latest appearance A legendary pirate in his own right, Teague occasionally re-appeared in the life of his son Jack, who followed in his buccaneering footsteps. However, by the end of that particular adventure, Teague gave the magical ring to Jack, allowing him to keep both rings. A legendary pirate in his own right, Teague occasionally re-appeared in the life of his son Jack, who followed in his buccaneering footsteps. Spotswood claimed tenpirates and tenof the King's men dead. [2] Many parts of his life were quite mysterious, and when someone would ask him something about his past, Teague's usual reply was: "Sea turtles, mate! [116][117] Johnson may have been an assumed alias. The wreck of the Queen Annes Revenge, however, was discovered off the coast of North Carolina by divers in the mid-1990s. [59], He settled in Bath, on the eastern side of Bath Creek at Plum Point, near Eden's home. Over the next five or six days about nine vessels were stopped and ransacked as they attempted to sail past Charles Town Bar, where Teach's fleet was anchored. During the search, he even visited the notorious voodoo priestess Tia Dalma, though he didn't find Jack in her shack. In the aftermath of Teach's overwhelming attack, Jane and Ranger may also have been grounded; the battle would have become a race to see who could float their ship first. Edward Teach (c. 1680 [1] - November 22, 1718), better known as Blackbeard, was a notorious English pirate in the Caribbean Sea during the early 18th century, a period of time referred to as the Golden Age of Piracy.His best known vessel was the Queen Anne's Revenge, which is believed [citation needed] to have run aground near Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina in 1718. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blackbeard, Ancient Origins - Blackbeard and his Infamous Pirate Ship, Queen Anne's Revenge, Elizabethan Era - Biography of Blackbeard, NCpedia - Biography of Blackbeard the Pirate, North Carolina History Project - The Pirate Blackbeard, Blackbeard - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). And, from whence came you? Teague, Jack, and the surviving crew members watched the end of El Matador Del Mar. Having taken the Pirate's Code almost as seriously as Teague did, Mungard made himself a self-appointed guardian of the Code. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Three days later a messenger, sent by Marks, returned to the fleet; Marks's boat had capsized and delayed their arrival in Charles Town. For unknown reasons, Borya gave his jailers the names of all rogue captains under his command. Probably shortly after the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht, he moved there from Jamaica, and, along with most privateers once involved in the war, became involved in piracy. One of the rogues aimed his musket at Teague, but Jack knocked the barrel of the musket aside, causing the rogue pirate to miss his target. After Jack's redemption, Teague abandoned his position of Pirate Lord, giving his seat to his son, who became the Pirate Lord of the Caribbean Sea. Though Teague managed to find and take the book, he was quickly surrounded by Akshay and his warriors. In November 1717 he. The ship was judged as a derelict found at sea, and of its cargo twentyhogsheads of sugar were awarded to Knight and sixtyto Eden; Teach and his crew were given what remained in the vessel's hold. They sailed from Kecoughtan, along the James River, on 17 November. Lee suggests that Teach also offered Bonnet the return of his ship Revenge. Captain Teague's comment is a bit more cryptic. Hair color Edward Teague was an infamous pirate captain in the Caribbean and father of Jack Sparrow. The goods which Brand seized were officially North Carolinian property and Eden considered him a thief. Edward Teague was a legendary pirate in his own right. Edward Teach: The Pirate Blackbeard. He also found several items of correspondence, including a letter from Tobias Knight. He ordered Captains Gordon and Brand of HMS Pearl and HMS Lyme to travel overland to Bath. He uses his new position to return to India with his men and retrieve his wife and son with a fully armed crew of pirates. [130], Film renditions of his life include Blackbeard the Pirate (1952) starring West Country native Robert Newton whose exaggerated West Country accent is credited with popularising the stereotypical "pirate voice",[131] Blackbeard's Ghost (1968), Blackbeard: Terror at Sea (2005) and the 2006 Hallmark Channel miniseries Blackbeard. Captain Teague Captain Jack Sparrow/Father Captain Edward Teague is a character from the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. [91], Maynard later examined Teach's body, noting that it had been shot five times and cut about twenty. Official views on pirates were sometimes quite different from those held by contemporary authors, who often described their subjects as despicable rogues of the sea. Her captain, Henry Bostock, and crew, remained Teach's prisoners for about eight hours, and were forced to watch as their sloop was ransacked. Pirate KingsElizabeth Swann Jack Sparrow and Captain Teague on the coast of Madagascar. Christophe's friend Jack Sparrow believed him to be innocent. Teach ordered several sloops to throw ropes across the flagship in an attempt to free her. [15], As a former British privateer, Hornigold attacked only his old enemies, but for his crew, the sight of British vessels filled with valuable cargo passing by unharmed became too much, and at some point toward the end of 1717 he was demoted. [11] His candor, rigorous personal integrity, and uncompromising commitment to the Code had earned him the fear and respect not only of the other Pirate Lords of the Brethren Court, but to his son Jack as well. Genealogy for Edward Teague (c.1660 - 1697) family tree on Geni, with over 240 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. The plan to surprise Teach and his crew worked; the pirates were apparently taken aback at the assault. [41][42] On 9 April Teach's enlarged fleet of ships looted and burnt Protestant Caesar. He died later that year. After dedicating his life to piracy, Jack would follow in his father's buccaneering footsteps, from his appearance to keeping to the Code. They each fired a broadside across its bulwarks, killing several of its crew, and forcing its captain to surrender. [6], Teague returned to Shipwreck Cove, where he was soon rejoined by his son Jack, who occasionally joined Teague on his journeys on Teague's ship, the Troubadour. It is the first recorded account of Teach's appearance and is the source of his cognomen, Blackbeard. As part of his ensemble, he wore a long crimson frock coat embroidered with a faded white floral design and a decorated dark brown waistcoat to match. [nb 10] An extra incentive for Teach's capture was the offer of a reward from the Assembly of Virginia, over and above any that might be received from the Crown. [10], Teach was one of those who came to enjoy the island's benefits. Teach was a shrewd and calculating leader who spurned the use of violence, relying instead on his fearsome image to elicit the response that he desired from those whom he robbed. [86], The Adventure eventually turned her guns on the two ships and fired. A legendary pirate in his own right, Teague occasionally re-appeared in the life of his son Jack, who followed in his buccaneering footsteps. While the boat made a quick retreat to the Jane, Teach cut the Adventure's anchor cable. They were also sentenced to death. This redirected Teach's cutlass to strike Maynard's knuckles instead of killing him. [4], Even Jack Sparrow feared Teague, but mostly respected him, though this might be because he's his father. Gender He stopped all traffic from entering the inletpreventing any warning of his presenceand posted a lookout on both sloops to ensure that Teach could not escape to sea. [21] Teach and his crews sailed the vessel south along Saint Vincent and the Grenadines to Bequia, where they disembarked her crew and cargo, and converted the ship for their own use. Misty LadyBarnacleWicked WenchTroubadour [125] A selection is on public display at the North Carolina Maritime Museum. He argued for the secrecy of the operation by suggesting that Eden "could contribute nothing to the Success of the Design", and told Eden that his authority to capture the pirates came from the king. Brand reported that 10pirates and 11of Maynard's men were killed. Parallels have also been drawn between Johnson's Blackbeard and the character of Captain Jack Sparrow in the 2003 adventure film Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. In the same year, Spotswood, who for years had fought his enemies in the House of Burgesses and the Council, was replaced by Hugh Drysdale, once Robert Walpole was convinced to act.[67][107]. [122] The only pirate ever known to bury treasure was William Kidd;[123] the only treasure so far recovered from Teach's exploits is that taken from the wreckage of what is presumed to be the Queen Anne's Revenge, which was found in 1996. A legendary pirate in his own right, Teague occasionally re-appeared in the life of his son Jack, who followed in his buccaneering footsteps. [129] His name and persona have also featured heavily in literature. Johnson also described Teach in times of battle as wearing "a sling over his shoulders, with three brace of pistols, hanging in holsters like bandoliers; and stuck lighted slow matches under his hat",[30][nb 3] the latter apparently to emphasise the fearsome appearance he wished to present to his enemies. Height Governor Spotswood used a portion of this to pay for the entire operation. In the Age of Piracy, Teague was Pirate Lord of Madagascar and Keeper of the Code.[3]. Cooper. Teague then fired his pistol at one candle, knocking it on the floor and starting a fire in the palace, which Jack and Teague used to escape together. Before Jack departed, Teague then gave him some advice on the choices he'll make in his life.[13]. Pirate LordsHenry Morgan Bartholomew Grandmama, Third Court In At World's End, during . [99], The remainder of Teach's crew and former associates were found by Brand, in Bath,[98] and were transported to Williamsburg, Virginia, where they were jailed on charges of piracy. New Providence's harbour could easily accommodate hundreds of ships but was too shallow for the Royal Navy's larger vessels. Captain Edward Teague, portrayed by Keith Richards, is Jack Sparrow's father. [137][138][139] Before posting the videos the General Assembly passed "Blackbeard's Law", N.C. Gen Stat 121-25(b), which stated, "All photographs, video recordings, or other documentary materials of a derelict vessel or shipwreck or its contents, relics, artifacts, or historic materials in the custody of any agency of North Carolina government or its subdivisions shall be a public record pursuant to Chapter 132 of the General Statutes." Biographical information Edward "Blackbeard" Teach was by far the most famous pirate of his generation, if not the most successful. However, Jack changed his mind and returned to help Teague. It was the Koldunya, the sloop of Boris "Borya" Palachnik, the Pirate Lord of the Caspian Sea. In a report made by a Captain Mathew Munthe on an anti-piracy patrol for North Carolina, "Thatch" was described as operating "a sloop 6 gunns and about 70 men". Yes, he is Edward Teague and looks like he didn't change his coat since then. [80] "Thirteen white and six Negroes", was the number later reported by Brand to the Admiralty.[81]. Edward Teach (alternatively spelled Edward Thatch, c.1680 22 November 1718), better known as Blackbeard, was an English pirate who operated around the West Indies and the eastern coast of Britain's North American colonies. [69][70][71], Spotswood had obtained from Howard valuable information on Teach's whereabouts,[72] and he planned to send his forces across the border into North Carolina to capture him. Bostock's deposition details Teach's command of two vessels: a sloop and a large French guineaman, Dutch-built, with 36cannons and a crew of 300men. To Teague, the Code was not only the law, it was everything. He then ran Queen Anne's Revenge aground on a sandbar near Beaufort, North Carolina. The popularity of the slave trade helped bring to an end the frontier condition of the West Indies, and in these circumstances, piracy was no longer able to flourish as it once did. However, he was soon back at sea, where he attracted the attention of Alexander Spotswood, the Governor of Virginia. Little is known about Blackbeard's early life. Moore went into the town to see if Teach was there, reporting back that he was not, but that he was expected at "every minute." In the 1700s, Mr. Was Jack Sparrow based on a real pirate? When Jack looked back, Teague had already gone. He wore knee-length boots and dark clothing, topped with a wide hat and sometimes a long coat of brightly coloured silk or velvet. Jocard's and Jack's crews combined their forces, and they stormed Samuel's fort, obtaining the vial of Shadow Gold. Jack took command of the ship, quickly making a plan to defeat the Silent Mary. [12], It was during this cruise with Hornigold that the earliest known report of Teach was made, in which he is recorded as a pirate in his own right, in command of a large crew. The ring's powers seemed to be somewhat unstable, because they worked on only two occasions when the ring was in Teague's possession. Pirates of the Caribbean DEAD MEN TELL NO TALES Screenplay by Terry Rossio, PIRATES OF CARIBBEAN: DEAD MEN TELL NO TALES May Have Christoph Waltz in Mind for a Villain, Keep to the Code forums: Terry Rossio's comments on Captain Teague. Though Jack managed to escape from Christophe's ship, he didn't return to Shipwreck Cove, for fear that Teague would want to hang him. "[9] In New Providence, pirates found a welcome respite from the law. Edward Teague to assembled pirates at Shipwreck Cove "Brethren of the Coast, Don Rafael brought with him a man that I want you to meet. His dark hair was stylized in long dreadlocks adorned with beads and small crosses, and was held back by a dark green bandanna. [56] Konstam (2007) proposes a similar idea, explaining that Teach began to see Queen Anne's Revenge as something of a liability; while a pirate fleet was anchored, news of this was sent to neighbouring towns and colonies, and any vessels nearby would delay sailing. Teach granted a reprieve of two days, but still the party did not return. He is Jack Sparrow's father and a former Pirate Lord of Madagascar, retiring from the position and becoming the Keeper of the Pirate's Code. [84] Hyde moved Ranger to the port side of Jane and the Union flag was unfurled on each ship. Since his head was separated from his body 300 years ago this month, Edward Teach (or Thache), also known as Blackbeard the pirate, has served as the archetype of the bloodthirsty rogues who once . He is one of us, a man on the account, and he, of all of us, has personally witnessed the actions of these rogue pirates. By October, another vessel had been captured and added to the small fleet. [4] In later years, Teague occasionally re-appeared in his son's life, who would follow in his buccaneering footsteps. Teach never found Pinkentham, who had instead been caught by a pirate named, Lee (1974) describes these matches as "fuses made of hemp cord about the thickness of a pencil and dipped in a solution of saltpeter and lime water.". [67], Spotswood's council claimed that under a statute of William III the governor was entitled to try pirates without a jury in times of crisis and that Teach's presence was a crisis. Captain Edward Teague is a mysterious member of the Brethren Court and the Keeper of the Pirate's Code. This testimony and the letter found on Teach's body by Maynard appeared compelling, but Knight conducted his defence with competence. [18] Both had complicated father-son relationship. He and Bonnet were probably responsible for an attack off Sint Eustatius in December 1717. With Israel Hands ashore in Bath with about24 of Adventure's sailors, he also had a much-reduced crew. His descendants were Regulators outlawed by English Gov. The two companies did not receive their prize money for another four years,[97][98] and despite his bravery Maynard was not promoted, and faded into obscurity. AVOID. The crew of La Concorde were given the smaller of Teach's two sloops, which they renamed Mauvaise Rencontre ("Bad Meeting"), and sailed for Martinique. Johnson (1724) described him as "such a figure that imagination cannot form an idea of a fury from hell to look more frightful." No records of the day's proceedings remain, but 14of the 16accused were found guilty. Both then threw their flintlocks away and drew their cutlasses. [51], Teach had at some stage learnt of the offer of a royal pardon and probably confided in Bonnet his willingness to accept it. With Norrington's crew defeated, Teague and Jack made their way back to the Misty Lady, and Teague sailed his son to an extremely beautiful island near Poseidon's Peak so he could procure himself a new boat. [31] Later descriptions mention that his thick black beard was braided into pigtails, sometimes tied in with small coloured ribbons. Eye color A sloop commanded by Israel Hands of Adventure also ran aground, and both vessels appeared to be damaged beyond repair,[50] leaving only Revenge and the captured Spanish sloop. Teague was an outlaw, but with an aristocratic bearing; a fearsome figure, but with unmistakable touches of sweetness and vulnerability; a feral pirate who can also break hearts with a lovely ballad from his guitar. As head of a Crown colony, Spotswood viewed the proprietary colony of North Carolina with contempt; he had little faith in the ability of the Carolinians to control the pirates, who he suspected would be back to their old ways, disrupting Virginian commerce, as soon as their money ran out.
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